Angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration
Relation between linear and angular variables
Centripetal acceleration and centripetal force
Centrifugal force
Conical pendulum
Motion in a vertical circle
Applications of banking.
Newton’s law of gravitation
Gravitational field strength
Gravitational potential; Gravitational potential energy
Variation in value of ‘g’ due to altitude and depth
Centre of mass and center of gravity
Motion of a satellite: Orbital velocity and time period of the satellite
Escape velocity
Potential and kinetic energy of the satellite
Geostationary satellite
GPS
Hooke’s law: Force constant
Stress; Strain; Elasticity and plasticity
Elastic modulus: Young modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus
Poisson’s ratio
Elastic potential energy.
Molecular concept of thermal energy, heat and temperature, and cause and direction of heat flow
Meaning of thermal equilibrium and Zeroth law of thermodynamics.
Thermal equilibrium as a working principle of mercury thermometer.
Linear expansion and its measurement
Cubical expansion, superficial expansion and its relation with linear expansion
Liquid Expansion: Absolute and apparent
Dulong and Petit method of determining expansivity of liquid
Newton’s law of cooling
Measurement of specific heat capacity of solids and liquids
Change of phases: Latent heat
Specific latent heat of fusion and vaporization
Measurement of specific latent heat of fusion and vaporization
Triple point
Conduction: Thermal conductivity and measurement
Convection
Radiation: Ideal radiator
Black- body radiation
Stefan – Boltzmann law.
Ideal gas equation
Molecular properties of matter
Kinetic-molecular model of an ideal gas
Derivation of pressure exerted by gas
Average translational kinetic energy of gas molecule
Boltzmann constant, root mean square speed
Heat capacities: gases and solids.
Laws of refraction: Refractive index
Relation between refractive indices
Lateral shift
Total internal reflection.
Minimum deviation condition
Relation between Angle of prism, minimum deviation and refractive index
Deviation in small angle prism.
Pure spectrum and dispersive power
Chromatic and spherical aberration
Achromatism and its applications
Electric charges
Charging by induction
Coulomb’s law- Force between two point charges
Force between multiple electric charges.
Electric field due to point charges; Field lines
Gauss Law: Electric Flux
Application of Gauss law: Field of a charge sphere, line charge, charged plane conductor
Potential difference, Potential due to a point, Charge, potential energy, electron volt
Equipotential lines and surfaces
Potential gradient
Capacitance and capacitor
Parallel plate capacitor
Combination of capacitors
Energy of charged capacitor
Effect of a dielectric Polarization and displacement.
Electric Currents; Drift velocity and its relation with current
Ohm’s law; Electrical Resistance; Resistivity; Conductivity
Current-voltage relations; Ohmic and Non-Ohmic resistance
Resistances in series and parallel
Potential divider
Electromotive force of a source, internal resistance
Work and power in electrical circuits
Nucleus: Discovery of nucleus
Nuclear density; Mass number; Atomic number
Atomic mass; Isotopes
Einstein’s mass-energy relation
Mass Defect, packing fraction, BE per nucleon
Creation and annihilation
Nuclear fission and fusion, energy released
Energy bands in solids (qualitative ideas)
Difference between metals, insulators and semi-conductors using band theory
Intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors